![]() ![]() Islamic artists mastered regular division of plane using, in particular, circles on triangular or square grids, because the circle – which has no beginning and no end and thus symbolizes infinity – was considered to be the most perfect geometric form. Tessellations are one of the major components of Islamic art. These patterns may be seen as symbolizing the Islamic principles of ‘Tawhid’ (the unity of all things) and ‘Mizan’ (order and balance), which are the laws of creation in Islam.”(9) “Muslim intellectuals recognized in geometry the unifying intermediary between the material and the spiritual world. Hence, Islamic artists used geometry as an aid to raise their spiritual understanding as well as the viewer’s: In Islamic art, the spiritual world is regarded as being reflected in nature through geometry and rhythm.
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